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193 lines
7.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
193 lines
7.3 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _ipsec:
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#####
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IPsec
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#####
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:abbr:`GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation)`, GRE/IPsec (or IPIP/IPsec,
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SIT/IPsec, or any other stateless tunnel protocol over IPsec) is the usual way
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to protect the traffic inside a tunnel.
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An advantage of this scheme is that you get a real interface with its own
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address, which makes it easier to setup static routes or use dynamic routing
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protocols without having to modify IPsec policies. The other advantage is that
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it greatly simplifies router to router communication, which can be tricky with
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plain IPsec because the external outgoing address of the router usually doesn't
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match the IPsec policy of typical site-to-site setup and you need to add special
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configuration for it, or adjust the source address for outgoing traffic of your
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applications. GRE/IPsec has no such problem and is completely transparent for
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the applications.
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GRE/IPIP/SIT and IPsec are widely accepted standards, which make this scheme
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easy to implement between VyOS and virtually any other router.
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For simplicity we'll assume that the protocol is GRE, it's not hard to guess
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what needs to be changed to make it work with a different protocol. We assume
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that IPsec will use pre-shared secret authentication and will use AES128/SHA1
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for the cipher and hash. Adjust this as necessary.
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.. NOTE:: VMware users should ensure that a VMXNET3 adapter is used. E1000
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adapters have known issues with GRE processing.
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*************************
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IPsec policy matching GRE
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*************************
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The first and arguably cleaner option is to make your IPsec policy match GRE
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packets between external addresses of your routers. This is the best option if
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both routers have static external addresses.
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Suppose the LEFT router has external address 192.0.2.10 on its eth0 interface,
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and the RIGHT router is 203.0.113.45
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On the LEFT:
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.. code-block:: none
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# GRE tunnel
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 encapsulation gre
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 source-address 192.0.2.10
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 remote 203.0.113.45
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 address 10.10.10.1/30
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## IPsec
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set vpn ipsec ipsec-interfaces interface eth0
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# IKE group
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 dh-group '2'
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 encryption 'aes128'
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 hash 'sha1'
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# ESP group
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set vpn ipsec esp-group MyESPGroup proposal 1 encryption 'aes128'
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set vpn ipsec esp-group MyESPGroup proposal 1 hash 'sha1'
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# IPsec tunnel
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 203.0.113.45 authentication mode pre-shared-secret
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 203.0.113.45 authentication pre-shared-secret MYSECRETKEY
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 203.0.113.45 ike-group MyIKEGroup
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 203.0.113.45 default-esp-group MyESPGroup
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 203.0.113.45 local-address 192.0.2.10
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# This will match all GRE traffic to the peer
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 203.0.113.45 tunnel 1 protocol gre
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On the RIGHT, setup by analogy and swap local and remote addresses.
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Source tunnel from loopbacks
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The scheme above doesn't work when one of the routers has a dynamic external
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address though. The classic workaround for this is to setup an address on a
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loopback interface and use it as a source address for the GRE tunnel, then setup
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an IPsec policy to match those loopback addresses.
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We assume that the LEFT router has static 192.0.2.10 address on eth0, and the
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RIGHT router has a dynamic address on eth0.
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**Setting up the GRE tunnel**
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On the LEFT:
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.. code-block:: none
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set interfaces loopback lo address 192.168.99.1/32
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 encapsulation gre
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 address 10.10.10.1/30
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 source-address 192.168.99.1
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 remote 192.168.99.2
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On the RIGHT:
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.. code-block:: none
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set interfaces loopback lo address 192.168.99.2/32
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 encapsulation gre
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 address 10.10.10.2/30
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 source-address 192.168.99.2
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set interfaces tunnel tun0 remote 192.168.99.1
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**Setting up IPSec**
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However, now you need to make IPsec work with dynamic address on one side. The
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tricky part is that pre-shared secret authentication doesn't work with dynamic
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address, so we'll have to use RSA keys.
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First, on both routers run the operational command "generate vpn rsa-key bits
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2048". You may choose different length than 2048 of course.
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.. code-block:: none
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vyos@left# run generate vpn rsa-key bits 2048
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Generating rsa-key to /config/ipsec.d/rsa-keys/localhost.key
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Your new local RSA key has been generated
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The public portion of the key is:
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0sAQO2335[long string here]
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Then on the opposite router, add the RSA key to your config.
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.. code-block:: none
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set vpn rsa-keys rsa-key-name LEFT rsa-key KEYGOESHERE
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Now you are ready to setup IPsec. You'll need to use an ID instead of address
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for the peer on the dynamic side.
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On the LEFT (static address):
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.. code-block:: none
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set vpn rsa-keys rsa-key-name RIGHT rsa-key <PUBLIC KEY FROM THE RIGHT>
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set vpn ipsec ipsec-interfaces interface eth0
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set vpn ipsec esp-group MyESPGroup proposal 1 encryption aes128
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set vpn ipsec esp-group MyESPGroup proposal 1 hash sha1
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 dh-group 2
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 encryption aes128
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 hash sha1
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT authentication mode rsa
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT authentication rsa-key-name RIGHT
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT default-esp-group MyESPGroup
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT ike-group MyIKEGroup
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT local-address 192.0.2.10
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT connection-type respond
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT tunnel 1 local prefix 192.168.99.1/32 # Additional loopback address on the local
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer @RIGHT tunnel 1 remote prefix 192.168.99.2/32 # Additional loopback address on the remote
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On the RIGHT (dynamic address):
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.. code-block:: none
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set vpn rsa-keys rsa-key-name LEFT rsa-key <PUBLIC KEY FROM THE LEFT>
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set vpn ipsec ipsec-interfaces interface eth0
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set vpn ipsec esp-group MyESPGroup proposal 1 encryption aes128
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set vpn ipsec esp-group MyESPGroup proposal 1 hash sha1
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 dh-group 2
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 encryption aes128
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set vpn ipsec ike-group MyIKEGroup proposal 1 hash sha1
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 authentication id @RIGHT
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 authentication mode rsa
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 authentication rsa-key-name LEFT
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 authentication remote-id LEFT
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 connection-type initiate
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 default-esp-group MyESPGroup
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 ike-group MyIKEGroup
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 local-address any
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 tunnel 1 local prefix 192.168.99.2/32 # Additional loopback address on the local
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set vpn ipsec site-to-site peer 192.0.2.10 tunnel 1 remote prefix 192.168.99.1/32 # Additional loopback address on the remote
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