vyos-documentation/docs/configuration/service/ids.rst

.. _ids:

###############
DDoS Protection
###############

**********
FastNetMon
**********

FastNetMon is a high-performance DDoS detector/sensor built on top of multiple
packet capture engines: NetFlow, IPFIX, sFlow, AF_PACKET (port mirror). It can
detect hosts in the deployed network sending or receiving large volumes of
traffic, packets/bytes/flows per second and perform a configurable action to
handle that event, such as calling a custom script.

VyOS includes the FastNetMon Community Edition.

Configuration
=============

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection alert-script <text>

    Configure alert script that will be executed when an attack is detected.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection ban-time <1-4294967294>

    Configure how long an IP (attacker) should be kept in blocked state.
    Default value is 1900.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection direction [in | out]

    Configure direction for processing traffic. 

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection exclude-network <x.x.x.x/x>
.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection exclude-network <h:h:h:h:h:h:h:h/x>

    Specify IPv4 and/or IPv6 networks which are going to be excluded.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection listen-interface <text>

    Configure listen interface for mirroring traffic.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection mode [mirror | sflow]

    Configure traffic capture mode.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection network <x.x.x.x/x>
.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection network <h:h:h:h:h:h:h:h/x>

    Specify IPv4 and/or IPv6 networks that should be protected/monitored.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection sflow listen-address <x.x.x.x>

    Configure local IPv4 address to listen for sflow.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection sflow port <1-65535>

    Configure port number to be used for sflow connection. Default port is 6343.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection threshold general
   [fps | mbps | pps] <0-4294967294>

    Configure general threshold parameters.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection threshold icmp
   [fps | mbps | pps] <0-4294967294>

    Configure ICMP threshold parameters.

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection threshold tcp
   [fps | mbps | pps] <0-4294967294>

    Configure TCP threshold parameters

.. cfgcmd:: set service ids ddos-protection threshold udp
   [fps | mbps | pps] <0-4294967294>

    Configure UDP threshold parameters

Example
=======

A configuration example can be found in this section.
In this simplified scenario, main things to be considered are:

    * Network to be protected: 192.0.2.0/24 (public IPs use by
      customers)

    * **ban-time** and **threshold**: these values are kept very low in order
      to easily identify and generate and attack.

    * Direction: **in** and **out**. Protect public network from external
      attacks, and identify internal attacks towards internet.

    * Interface **eth0** used to connect to upstream.

Since we are analyzing attacks to and from our internal network, two types
of attacks can be identified, and different actions are needed:

    * External attack: an attack from the internet towards an internal IP
      is identify. In this case, all connections towards such IP will be
      blocked

    * Internal attack: an attack from the internal network (generated by a
      customer) towards the internet is identify. In this case, all connections
      from this particular IP/Customer will be blocked.
 

So, firewall configuration needed for this setup:

.. code-block:: none

    set firewall group address-group FNMS-DST-Block
    set firewall group address-group FNMS-SRC-Block

    set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 10 action 'drop'
    set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 10 description 'FNMS - block destination'
    set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 10 destination group address-group 'FNMS-DST-Block'

    set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 20 action 'drop'
    set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 20 description 'FNMS - Block source'
    set firewall ipv4 forward filter rule 20 source group address-group 'FNMS-SRC-Block'

Then, FastNetMon configuration:

.. code-block:: none

    set service ids ddos-protection alert-script '/config/scripts/fnm-alert.sh'
    set service ids ddos-protection ban-time '10'
    set service ids ddos-protection direction 'in'
    set service ids ddos-protection direction 'out'
    set service ids ddos-protection listen-interface 'eth0'
    set service ids ddos-protection mode 'mirror'
    set service ids ddos-protection network '192.0.2.0/24'
    set service ids ddos-protection threshold general pps '100'

And content of the script:

.. code-block:: none

    #!/bin/bash

    # alert-script is called twice.
    # When an attack occurs, the program calls a bash script twice:
    # 1st time when threshold exceed
    # 2nd when we collect 100 packets for detailed audit of what happened.

    # Do nothing if “attack_details” is passed as an argument
    if [ "${4}" == "attack_details" ]; then
        # Do nothing
        exit
    fi
    # Arguments:
    ip=$1
    direction=$2
    pps_rate=$3
    action=$4 

    logger -t FNMS "** Start - Running alert script **"

    if [ "${direction}" == "incoming" ] ; then
        group="FNMS-DST-Block"
        origin="external"
    else
        group="FNMS-SRC-Block"
        origin="internal"
    fi

    if [ "${action}" == "ban" ] ; then
        logger -t FNMS "Attack detected for IP ${ip} and ${direction} direction from ${origin} network. Need to block IP address."
        logger -t FNMS "Adding IP address ${ip} to firewall group ${group}."
        sudo nft add element ip vyos_filter A_${group} { ${ip} }
    else
        logger -t FNMS "Timeout for IP ${ip}, removing it from group ${group}."
        sudo nft delete element ip vyos_filter A_${group} { ${ip} }
    fi
    logger -t FNMS "** End - Running alert script **"
    exit