mirror of
https://github.com/vyos/vyos-documentation.git
synced 2025-10-26 08:41:46 +01:00
Merge pull request #43 from kmpm/features/zone-example
Add the zone-example from wiki
This commit is contained in:
Daniil Baturin
GitHub
commit
e3a74b3480
@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
|
||||
.. _examples:
|
||||
|
||||
Appendix B - Configuration Examples
|
||||
===================================
|
||||
.. _examples-dmvpn:
|
||||
|
||||
VyOS DMVPN Hub
|
||||
--------------
|
||||
13
docs/examples/index.rst
Normal file
13
docs/examples/index.rst
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
|
||||
.. _examples:
|
||||
|
||||
Appendix B - Configuration Examples
|
||||
===================================
|
||||
|
||||
This chapter contains various configuration Examples
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
.. toctree::
|
||||
:maxdepth: 2
|
||||
|
||||
dmvpn
|
||||
zone-policy
|
||||
379
docs/examples/zone-policy.rst
Normal file
379
docs/examples/zone-policy.rst
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
|
||||
.. _examples-zone-policy:
|
||||
|
||||
Zone-Policy example
|
||||
-------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Native IPv4 and IPv6
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
We have three networks.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
WAN - 172.16.10.0/24, 2001:0DB8:0:9999::0/64
|
||||
LAN - 192.168.100.0/24, 2001:0DB8:0:AAAA::0/64
|
||||
DMZ - 192.168.200.0/24, 2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::0/64
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
This specific example is for a router on a stick, but is very easily adapted
|
||||
for however many NICs you have.
|
||||
|
||||
[http://imgur.com/Alz1J.png Topology Image]
|
||||
|
||||
The VyOS interface is assigned the .1/:1 address of their respective networks.
|
||||
WAN is on VLAN 10, LAN on VLAN 20, and DMZ on VLAN 30.
|
||||
|
||||
It will look something like this:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
interfaces {
|
||||
ethernet eth0 {
|
||||
duplex auto
|
||||
hw-id 00:0c:29:6e:2a:92
|
||||
smp_affinity auto
|
||||
speed auto
|
||||
vif 10 {
|
||||
address 172.16.10.1/24
|
||||
address 2001:db8:0:9999::1/64
|
||||
}
|
||||
vif 20 {
|
||||
address 192.168.100.1/24
|
||||
address 2001:db8:0:AAAA::1/64
|
||||
}
|
||||
vif 30 {
|
||||
address 192.168.200.1/24
|
||||
address 2001:db8:0:BBBB::1/64
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
loopback lo {
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Zones Basics
|
||||
^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||||
|
||||
Each interface is assigned to a zone. The interface can be physical or virtual
|
||||
such as tunnels (VPN, pptp, gre, etc) and are treated exactly the same.
|
||||
|
||||
Traffic flows from zone A to zone B. That flow is what I refer to as a
|
||||
zone-pair-direction. eg. A->B and B->A are two zone-pair-destinations.
|
||||
|
||||
Ruleset are created per zone-pair-direction.
|
||||
|
||||
I name rule sets to indicate which zone-pair-direction they represent. eg.
|
||||
ZoneA-ZoneB or ZoneB-ZoneA. LAN-DMZ, DMZ-LAN.
|
||||
|
||||
In VyOS, you have to have unique Ruleset names. In the event of overlap, I
|
||||
add a "-6" to the end of v6 rulesets. eg. LAN-DMZ, LAN-DMZ-6. This allows for
|
||||
each auto-completion and uniqueness.
|
||||
|
||||
In this example we have 4 zones. LAN, WAN, DMZ, Local. The local zone is the
|
||||
firewall itself.
|
||||
|
||||
If your computer is on the LAN and you need to SSH into your VyOS box, you
|
||||
would need a rule to allow it in the LAN-Local ruleset. If you want to access
|
||||
a webpage from your VyOS box, you need a rule to allow it in the Local-LAN
|
||||
ruleset.
|
||||
|
||||
In rules, it is good to keep them named consistently. As the number of rules
|
||||
you have grows, the more consistency you have, the easier your life will be.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
Rule 1 - State Established, Related
|
||||
Rule 2 - State Invalid
|
||||
Rule 100 - ICMP
|
||||
Rule 200 - Web
|
||||
Rule 300 - FTP
|
||||
Rule 400 - NTP
|
||||
Rule 500 - SMTP
|
||||
Rule 600 - DNS
|
||||
Rule 700 - DHCP
|
||||
Rule 800 - SSH
|
||||
Rule 900 - IMAPS
|
||||
|
||||
The first two rules are to deal with the idiosyncrasies of VyOS and iptables.
|
||||
|
||||
Zones and Rulesets both have a default action statement. When using
|
||||
Zone-Policies, the default action is set by the zone-policy statement and is
|
||||
represented by rule 10000.
|
||||
|
||||
It is good practice to log both accepted and denied traffic. It can save you
|
||||
significant headaches when trying to troubleshoot a connectivity issue.
|
||||
|
||||
To add logging to the default rule, do:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
set firewall name <ruleSet> enable-default-log
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
By default, iptables does not allow traffic for established session to return,
|
||||
so you must explicitly allow this. I do this by adding two rules to every
|
||||
ruleset. 1 allows established and related state packets through and rule 2
|
||||
drops and logs invalid state packets. We place the established/related rule at
|
||||
the top because the vast majority of traffic on a network is established and
|
||||
the invalid rule to prevent invalid state packets from mistakenly being matched
|
||||
against other rules. Having the most matched rule listed first reduces CPU load
|
||||
in high volume environments. Note: I have filed a bug to have this added as a
|
||||
default action as well.
|
||||
|
||||
''It is important to note, that you do not want to add logging to the
|
||||
established state rule as you will be logging both the inbound and outbound
|
||||
packets for each session instead of just the initiation of the session.
|
||||
Your logs will be massive in a very short period of time.''
|
||||
|
||||
In VyOS you must have the interfaces created before you can apply it to the
|
||||
zone and the rulesets must be created prior to applying it to a zone-policy.
|
||||
|
||||
I create/configure the interfaces first. Build out the rulesets for each
|
||||
zone-pair-direction which includes at least the three state rules. Then I setup
|
||||
the zone-policies.
|
||||
|
||||
Zones do not allow for a default action of accept; either drop or reject.
|
||||
It is important to remember this because if you apply an interface to a zone
|
||||
and commit, any active connections will be dropped. Specifically, if you are
|
||||
SSH’d into VyOS and add local or the interface you are connecting through to a
|
||||
zone and do not have rulesets in place to allow SSH and established sessions,
|
||||
you will not be able to connect.
|
||||
|
||||
The following are the rules that were created for this example
|
||||
(may not be complete), both in IPv4 and IPv6. If there is no IP specified,
|
||||
then the source/destination address is not explicit.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/80
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/443
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/25
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:192.168.200.200 – tcp/53
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/80
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/443
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/25
|
||||
WAN – DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 – tcp/53
|
||||
|
||||
DMZ - Local - tcp/53
|
||||
DMZ - Local - tcp/123
|
||||
DMZ - Local - tcp/67,68
|
||||
|
||||
LAN - Local - tcp/53
|
||||
LAN - Local - tcp/123
|
||||
LAN - Local - tcp/67,68
|
||||
LAN:192.168.100.10 - Local - tcp/22
|
||||
LAN:2001:0DB8:0:AAAA::10 - Local - tcp/22
|
||||
|
||||
LAN - WAN - tcp/80
|
||||
LAN - WAN - tcp/443
|
||||
LAN - WAN - tcp/22
|
||||
LAN - WAN - tcp/20,21
|
||||
|
||||
DMZ - WAN - tcp/80
|
||||
DMZ - WAN - tcp/443
|
||||
DMZ - WAN - tcp/22
|
||||
DMZ - WAN - tcp/20,21
|
||||
DMZ - WAN - tcp/53
|
||||
DMZ - WAN - udp/53
|
||||
|
||||
Local - WAN - tcp/80
|
||||
Local - WAN - tcp/443
|
||||
Local - WAN - tcp/20,21
|
||||
|
||||
Local - DMZ - tcp/25
|
||||
Local - DMZ - tcp/67,68
|
||||
Local - DMZ - tcp/53
|
||||
Local - DMZ - udp/53
|
||||
|
||||
Local - LAN - tcp/67,68
|
||||
|
||||
LAN - DMZ - tcp/80
|
||||
LAN - DMZ - tcp/443
|
||||
LAN - DMZ - tcp/993
|
||||
LAN:2001:0DB8:0:AAAA::10 - DMZ:2001:0DB8:0:BBBB::200 - tcp/22
|
||||
LAN:192.168.100.10 - DMZ:192.168.200.200 - tcp/22
|
||||
|
||||
Since we have 4 zones, we need to setup the following rulesets.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
Lan-wan
|
||||
Lan-local
|
||||
Lan-dmz
|
||||
Wan-lan
|
||||
Wan-local
|
||||
Wan-dmz
|
||||
Local-lan
|
||||
Local-wan
|
||||
Local-dmz
|
||||
Dmz-lan
|
||||
Dmz-wan
|
||||
Dmz-local
|
||||
|
||||
Even if the two zones will never communicate, it is a good idea to create the
|
||||
zone-pair-direction rulesets and set enable-default-log. This will allow you to
|
||||
log attempts to access the networks. Without it, you will never see the
|
||||
connection attempts.
|
||||
|
||||
This is an example of the three base rules.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
name wan-lan {
|
||||
default-action drop
|
||||
enable-default-log
|
||||
rule 1 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
state {
|
||||
established enable
|
||||
related enable
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 2 {
|
||||
action drop
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
state {
|
||||
invalid enable
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Here is an example of an IPv6 DMZ-WAN ruleset.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
ipv6-name dmz-wan-6 {
|
||||
default-action drop
|
||||
enable-default-log
|
||||
rule 1 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
state {
|
||||
established enable
|
||||
related enable
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 2 {
|
||||
action drop
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
state {
|
||||
invalid enable
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 100 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
protocol ipv6-icmp
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 200 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
destination {
|
||||
port 80,443
|
||||
}
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
protocol tcp
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 300 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
destination {
|
||||
port 20,21
|
||||
}
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
protocol tcp
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 500 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
destination {
|
||||
port 25
|
||||
}
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
protocol tcp
|
||||
source {
|
||||
address 2001:db8:0:BBBB::200
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 600 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
destination {
|
||||
port 53
|
||||
}
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
protocol tcp_udp
|
||||
source {
|
||||
address 2001:db8:0:BBBB::200
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
rule 800 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
destination {
|
||||
port 22
|
||||
}
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
protocol tcp
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Once you have all of your rulesets built, then you need to create your
|
||||
zone-policy.
|
||||
|
||||
Start by setting the interface and default action for each zone.
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
set zone-policy zone dmz default-action drop
|
||||
set zone-policy zone dmz interface eth0.30
|
||||
|
||||
In this case, we are setting the v6 ruleset that represents traffic sourced
|
||||
from the LAN, destined for the DMZ.
|
||||
Because the zone-policy firewall syntax is a little awkward, I keep it straight
|
||||
by thinking of it backwards.
|
||||
|
||||
set zone-policy zone dmz from lan firewall ipv6-name lan-dmz-6
|
||||
|
||||
dmz-lan policy is lan-dmz. You can get a rhythm to it when you build out a bunch at one time.
|
||||
|
||||
In the end, you will end up with something like this config. I took out everything but the Firewall, Interfaces, and zone-policy sections. It is long enough as is.
|
||||
== IPv6 Tunnel ==
|
||||
|
||||
If you are using a IPv6 tunnel from HE.net or someone else, the basis is the same except you have two WAN interface. One for v4 and one for v6.
|
||||
|
||||
You would have 5 zones instead of just 4 and you would configure your v6 ruleset between your tunnel interface and your LAN/DMZ zones instead of to the WAN.
|
||||
|
||||
LAN, WAN, DMZ, local and TUN (tunnel)
|
||||
|
||||
v6 pairs would be:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
lan-tun
|
||||
lan-local
|
||||
lan-dmz
|
||||
tun-lan
|
||||
tun-local
|
||||
tun-dmz
|
||||
local-lan
|
||||
local-tun
|
||||
local-dmz
|
||||
dmz-lan
|
||||
dmz-tun
|
||||
dmz-local
|
||||
|
||||
Notice, none go to WAN since WAN wouldn't have a v6 address on it.
|
||||
|
||||
You would have to add a couple of rules on your wan-local ruleset to allow protocol 41 in.
|
||||
|
||||
Something like:
|
||||
|
||||
.. code-block:: sh
|
||||
|
||||
rule 400 {
|
||||
action accept
|
||||
destination {
|
||||
address 172.16.10.1
|
||||
}
|
||||
log enable
|
||||
protocol 41
|
||||
source {
|
||||
address ip.of.tunnel.broker
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ belong to the same security zone. Instead of applying to rulesets to interfaces
|
||||
they are applied to source zone-destination zone pairs.
|
||||
|
||||
An introduction to zone-based firewalls can be found [[A primer to Zone Based
|
||||
Firewall|here]]. For an example see [[Zone-policy_example|Zone-policy example]].
|
||||
Firewall|here]]. For an example see :ref:`examples-zone-policy`.
|
||||
|
||||
Groups
|
||||
------
|
||||
|
||||
@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ as a router and firewall platform for cloud deployments.
|
||||
image-mgmt.rst
|
||||
commandscripting.rst
|
||||
troubleshooting.rst
|
||||
examples.rst
|
||||
examples/index.rst
|
||||
commandtree/index.rst
|
||||
releasenotes.rst
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Loading…
x
Reference in New Issue
Block a user