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routing: static: rewrite with new cfgcmd syntax
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Christian Poessinger
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@ -1,29 +1,130 @@
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.. _routing-static:
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.. _static-routing:
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######
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Static
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######
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Static routes are manually configured routes, which, in general, cannot be
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updated dynamically from information VyOS learns about the network topology from
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other routing protocols. However, if a link fails, the router will remove
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routes, including static routes, from the :abbr:`RIPB (Routing Information
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Base)` that used this interface to reach the next hop. In general, static
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routes should only be used for very simple network topologies, or to override
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the behavior of a dynamic routing protocol for a small number of routes. The
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collection of all routes the router has learned from its configuration or from
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its dynamic routing protocols is stored in the RIB. Unicast routes are directly
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used to determine the forwarding table used for unicast packet forwarding.
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#############
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Static Routes
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#############
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Static routes are manually configured network routes.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route '<subnet>' next-hop '<address>'
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A typical use for a static route is a static default route for systems that do
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not make use of DHCP or dynamic routing protocols:
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Configure next-hop `<address>` for an IPv4 static route. Multiple static
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routes can be created.
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.. code-block:: none
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route '<subnet>' next-hop '<address>' disable
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set protocols static route 0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.1.1.1 distance '1'
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Disable this IPv4 static route entry.
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Another common use of static routes is to blackhole (drop) traffic. In the
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example below, :rfc:`1918` networks are set as blackhole routes.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route '<subnet>' next-hop '<address>' distance '<distance>'
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This prevents these networks leaking out public interfaces, but it does not prevent
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them from being used as the most specific route has the highest priority.
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Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative
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distance are elected prior those with a higher distance.
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.. code-block:: none
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Range is 1 to 255, default is 1.
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set protocols static route 10.0.0.0/8 blackhole distance '254'
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set protocols static route 172.16.0.0/12 blackhole distance '254'
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set protocols static route 192.168.0.0/16 blackhole distance '254'
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route6 '<subnet>' next-hop '<address>'
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Configure next-hop `<address>` for an IPv6 static route. Multiple static
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routes can be created.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route6 '<subnet>' next-hop '<address>' disable
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Disable this IPv6 static route entry.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route6 '<subnet>' next-hop '<address>' distance '<distance>'
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Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative
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distance are elected prior those with a higher distance.
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Range is 1 to 255, default is 1.
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.. note:: Routes with a distance of 255 are effectively disabled and not
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installed into the kernel.
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Interface Routes
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================
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static interface-route '<subnet>' next-hop-interface '<interface>'
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Allows you to configure the next-hop interface for an interface-based IPv4
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static route. `<interface>` will be the next-hop interface where trafic is
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routed for the given `<subnet>`.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static interface-route '<subnet>' next-hop-interface '<interface>' disable
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Disables interface-based IPv4 static route.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static interface-route '<subnet>' next-hop-interface '<interface>' distance '<distance>'
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Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative
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distance are elected prior those with a higher distance.
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Range is 1 to 255, default is 1.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static interface-route6 '<subnet>' next-hop-interface '<interface>'
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Allows you to configure the next-hop interface for an interface-based IPv6
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static route. `<interface>` will be the next-hop interface where trafic is
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routed for the given `<subnet>`.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static interface-route6 '<subnet>' next-hop-interface '<interface>' disable
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Disables interface-based IPv6 static route.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static interface-route6 '<subnet>' next-hop-interface '<interface>' distance '<distance>'
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Defines next-hop distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative
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distance are elected prior those with a higher distance.
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Range is 1 to 255, default is 1.
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Blackhole
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=========
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route '<subnet>' blackhole
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Use this command to configure a "black-hole" route on the router. A
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black-hole route is a route for which the system silently discard packets
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that are matched. This prevents networks leaking out public interfaces, but
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it does not prevent them from being used as a more specific route inside your
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network.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route '<subnet>' blackhole distance '<distance>'
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Defines blackhole distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative
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distance are elected prior those with a higher distance.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route6 '<subnet>' blackhole
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Use this command to configure a "black-hole" route on the router. A
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black-hole route is a route for which the system silently discard packets
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that are matched. This prevents networks leaking out public interfaces, but
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it does not prevent them from being used as a more specific route inside your
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network.
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.. cfgcmd:: set protocols static route6 '<subnet>' blackhole distance '<distance>'
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Defines blackhole distance for this route, routes with smaller administrative
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distance are elected prior those with a higher distance.
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Alternate Routing Tables
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========================
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Alternate routing tables are used with policy based routing.
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TBD
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@ -36,5 +36,5 @@ Operation
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Last update 09:46:30 ago
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* 172.18.201.254, via eth0.201
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.. seealso:: Configuration of :ref:`routing-static`
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.. seealso:: Configuration of :ref:`static-routing`
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