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249 lines
11 KiB
XML
249 lines
11 KiB
XML
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8' ?>
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<!DOCTYPE section PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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<!ENTITY % BOOK_ENTITIES SYSTEM "cloudstack.ent">
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%BOOK_ENTITIES;
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]>
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<!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
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or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
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distributed with this work for additional information
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regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
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to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
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"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
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with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
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software distributed under the License is distributed on an
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"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
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KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
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specific language governing permissions and limitations
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under the License.
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-->
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<section id="pvlan">
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<title>Isolation in Advanced Zone Using Private VLAN</title>
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<para>Isolation of guest traffic in shared networks can be achieved by using Private VLANs
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(PVLAN). PVLANs provide Layer 2 isolation between ports within the same VLAN. In a PVLAN-enabled
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shared network, a user VM cannot reach other user VM though they can reach the DHCP server and
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gateway, this would in turn allow users to control traffic within a network and help them deploy
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multiple applications without communication between application as well as prevent communication
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with other users’ VMs.</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Isolate VMs in a shared networks by using Private VLANs.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Supported in both VPC and non-VPC deployments.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Supported on all hypervisors.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Allow end users to deploy VMs in an isolated networks, or a VPC, or a Private
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VLAN-enabled shared network.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<section id="about-pvlan">
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<title>About Private VLAN</title>
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<para>In an Ethernet switch, a VLAN is a broadcast domain where hosts can establish direct
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communication with each another at Layer 2. Private VLAN is designed as an extension of VLAN
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standard to add further segmentation of the logical broadcast domain. A regular VLAN is a
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single broadcast domain, whereas a private VLAN partitions a larger VLAN broadcast domain into
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smaller sub-domains. A sub-domain is represented by a pair of VLANs: a Primary VLAN and a
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Secondary VLAN. The original VLAN that is being divided into smaller groups is called Primary,
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which implies that all VLAN pairs in a private VLAN share the same Primary VLAN. All the
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secondary VLANs exist only inside the Primary. Each Secondary VLAN has a specific VLAN ID
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associated to it, which differentiates one sub-domain from another. </para>
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<para>Three types of ports exist in a private VLAN domain, which essentially determine the
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behaviour of the participating hosts. Each ports will have its own unique set of rules, which
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regulate a connected host's ability to communicate with other connected host within the same
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private VLAN domain. Configure each host that is part of a PVLAN pair can be by using one of
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these three port designation:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">Promiscuous</emphasis>: A promiscuous port can communicate with
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all the interfaces, including the community and isolated host ports that belong to the
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secondary VLANs. In Promiscuous mode, hosts are connected to promiscuous ports and are
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able to communicate directly with resources on both primary and secondary VLAN. Routers,
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DHCP servers, and other trusted devices are typically attached to promiscuous
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ports.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">Isolated VLANs</emphasis>: The ports within an isolated VLAN
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cannot communicate with each other at the layer-2 level. The hosts that are connected to
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Isolated ports can directly communicate only with the Promiscuous resources. If your
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customer device needs to have access only to a gateway router, attach it to an isolated
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port.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">Community VLANs</emphasis>: The ports within a community VLAN
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can communicate with each other and with the promiscuous ports, but they cannot
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communicate with the ports in other communities at the layer-2 level. In a Community mode,
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direct communication is permitted only with the hosts in the same community and those that
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are connected to the Primary PVLAN in promiscuous mode. If your customer has two devices
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that need to be isolated from other customers' devices, but to be able to communicate
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among themselves, deploy them in community ports.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>For further reading:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink
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url="http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/switches/lan/catalyst3750/software/release/12.2_25_see/configuration/guide/swpvlan.html#wp1038379"
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>Understanding Private VLANs</ulink></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink url="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5517">Cisco Systems' Private VLANs: Scalable
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Security in a Multi-Client Environment</ulink></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para><ulink url="http://kb.vmware.com">Private VLAN (PVLAN) on vNetwork Distributed Switch
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- Concept Overview (1010691)</ulink></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section id="prereq-pvlan">
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<title>Prerequisites</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Use a PVLAN supported switch.</para>
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<para>See <ulink
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url="http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/hw/switches/ps708/products_tech_note09186a0080094830.shtml"
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>Private VLAN Catalyst Switch Support Matrix</ulink>for more information.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>All the layer 2 switches, which are PVLAN-aware, are connected to each other, and one
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of them is connected to a router. All the ports connected to the host would be configured
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in trunk mode. Open Management VLAN, Primary VLAN (public) and Secondary Isolated VLAN
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ports. Configure the switch port connected to the router in PVLAN promiscuous trunk mode,
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which would translate an isolated VLAN to primary VLAN for the PVLAN-unaware router. </para>
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<para>Note that only Cisco Catalyst 4500 has the PVLAN promiscuous trunk mode to connect
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both normal VLAN and PVLAN to a PVLAN-unaware switch. For other Catalyst PVLAN support
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switch, connect the switch to upper switch by using cables. The number of cables should be
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greater than the number of PVLANs used.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>If your Catalyst switch supports PVLAN, but not PVLAN promiscuous trunk mode, perform
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the following: </para>
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<orderedlist numeration="loweralpha">
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<listitem>
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<para>Configure one of the switch port as trunk for management network (management
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VLAN).</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>For each PVLAN, perform the following:</para>
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<orderedlist numeration="lowerroman">
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<listitem>
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<para>Connect a port of the Catalyst switch to the upper switch.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Set the port in the Catalyst Switch in promiscuous mode for one pair of
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PVLAN.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Set the port in the upper switch to access mode, and allow only the traffic of
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the primary VLAN of the PVLAN pair.</para>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Configure private VLAN on your physical switches out-of-band.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Open vSwitch (OVS) used by XenServer and KVM does not support PVLAN. Therefore,
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simulate PVLAN on OVS for XenServer and KVM by modifying the flow table to achieve the
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following:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>For every traffic leaving user VMs, tag with the secondary isolated VLAN
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ID.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Change the VLAN ID to primary VLAN ID.</para>
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<para>This allows the traffic which is tagged with the secondary isolated VLAN ID reach
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the DHCP server. </para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The gateway is PVLAN-unaware; therefore, the switch connected to the gateway
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should translate all the secondary VLAN to primary VLAN for communicating with the
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gateway.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section id="ability-pvlan">
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<title>Creating a PVLAN-Enabled Guest Network</title>
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<orderedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Log in to the CloudPlatform UI as administrator.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>In the left navigation, choose Infrastructure.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>On Zones, click View More.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Click the zone to which you want to add a guest network.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Click the Physical Network tab.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Click the physical network you want to work with.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>On the Guest node of the diagram, click Configure.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Click the Network tab.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Click Add guest network.</para>
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<para>The Add guest network window is displayed.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Specify the following:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Name:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Description:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>VLAN ID:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Private VLAN ID:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Scope:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Network Offering:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Gateway:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Netmask:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>IP Range:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>IPv6 CIDR:</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Network Domain:</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</listitem>
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<listitem><para>Click OK to confirm.</para></listitem>
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</orderedlist>
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</section>
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</section>
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