ACS + Xenserver works with differential snapshots. ACS takes a volume full snapshot and the next ones are referenced as a child of the previous snapshot until the chain reaches the limit defined in the global setting snapshot.delta.max; then, a new full snapshot is taken. PR #5297 introduced disk-only snapshots for KVM volumes. Among the changes, the delete process was also refactored. Before the changes, when one was removing a snapshot with children, ACS was marking it as Destroyed and it was keeping the Image entry on the table cloud.snapshot_store_ref as Ready. When ACS was rotating the snapshots (the max delta was reached) and all the children were already marked as removed; then, ACS would start removing the whole hierarchy, completing the differential snapshot cycle. After the changes, the snapshots with children stopped being marked as removed and the differential snapshot cycle was not being completed.
This PR intends to honor again the differential snapshot cycle for XenServer, making the snapshots to be marked as removed when deleted while having children and following the differential snapshot cycle.
Also, when one takes a volume snapshot and ACS backs it up to the secondary storage, ACS inserts 2 entries on table cloud.snapshot_store_ref (Primary and Image). When one deletes a volume snapshot, ACS first tries to remove the snapshot from the secondary storage and mark the entry Image as removed; then, it tries to remove the snapshot from the primary storage and mark the entry Primary as removed. If ACS cannot remove the snapshot from the primary storage, it will keep the snapshot as BackedUp; however, If it does not exist in the secondary storage and without the entry SNAPSHOT.DELETE on cloud.usage_event. In the end, after the garbage collector flow, the snapshot will be marked as BackedUp, with a value in the field removed and still being rated. This PR also addresses the correction for this situation.
Co-authored-by: GutoVeronezi <daniel@scclouds.com.br>
The description of the configuration secstorage.encrypt.copy fails to mention that it is also used to make sure the certificate assigned to the zone is used when creating links for external access (download/upload of disks,templates and ISOs). This PR improves this description.
Co-authored-by: Gabriel Ortiga Fernandes <gabriel.fernandes@scclouds.com.br>
The alert.email.addresses description is ambiguous and can cause doubts to operators. This description has been altered to avoid confusion. In addition, typos in alert.smtp.useStartTLS and project.smtp.useStartTLS have been fixed.
Co-authored-by: Stephan Krug <stephan.krug@scclouds.com.br>
* Export count of total/up/down hosts by tags
* Export count of vms by state and host tag.
* Add host tags to host cpu/cores/memory usage in Prometheus exporter
* Cloudstack Prometheus exporter: Add allocated capacity group by host tag.
* Show count of Active domains on grafana.
* Show count of Active accounts and vms by size on grafana
* Use prepared statement to query database for a number of VM who use a specific tag.
* Extract repeated codes to new methods.
This PR introduces a feature designed to allow CloudStack to manage a generic volume encryption setting. The encryption is handled transparently to the guest OS, and is intended to handle VM guest data encryption at rest and possibly over the wire, though the actual encryption implementation is up to the primary storage driver.
In some cases cloud customers may still prefer to maintain their own guest-level volume encryption, if they don't trust the cloud provider. However, for private cloud cases this greatly simplifies the guest OS experience in terms of running volume encryption for guests without the user having to manage keys, deal with key servers and guest booting being dependent on network connectivity to them (i.e. Tang), etc, especially in cases where users are attaching/detaching data disks and moving them between VMs occasionally.
The feature can be thought of as having two parts - the API/control plane (which includes scheduling aspects), and the storage driver implementation.
This initial PR adds the encryption setting to disk offerings and service offerings (for root volume), and implements encryption support for KVM SharedMountPoint, NFS, Local, and ScaleIO storage pools.
NOTE: While not required, operations can be significantly sped up by ensuring that hosts have the `rng-tools` package and service installed and running on the management server and hypervisors. For EL hosts the service is `rngd` and for Debian it is `rng-tools`. In particular, the use of SecureRandom for generating volume passphrases can be slow if there isn't a good source of entropy. This could affect testing and build environments, and otherwise would only affect users who actually use the encryption feature. If you find tests or volume creates blocking on encryption, check this first.
### Management Server
##### API
* createDiskOffering now has an 'encrypt' Boolean
* createServiceOffering now has an 'encryptroot' Boolean. The 'root' suffix is added here in case there is ever any other need to encrypt something related to the guest configuration, like the RAM of a VM. This has been refactored to deal with the new separation of service offering from disk offering internally.
* listDiskOfferings shows encryption support on each offering, and has an encrypt boolean to choose to list only offerings that do or do not support encryption
* listServiceOfferings shows encryption support on each offering, and has an encrypt boolean to choose to list only offerings that do or do not support encryption
* listHosts now shows encryption support of each hypervisor host via `encryptionsupported`
* Volumes themselves don't show encryption on/off, rather the offering should be referenced. This follows the same pattern as other disk offering based settings such as the IOPS of the volume.
##### Volume functions
A decent effort has been made to ensure that the most common volume functions have either been cleanly supported or blocked. However, for the first release it is advised to mark this feature as *experimental*, as the code base is complex and there are certainly edge cases to be found.
Many of these features could eventually be supported over time, such as creating templates from encrypted volumes, but the effort and size of the change is already overwhelming.
Supported functions:
* Data Volume create
* VM root volume create
* VM root volume reinstall
* Offline volume snapshot/restore
* Migration of VM with storage (e.g. local storage VM migration)
* Resize volume
* Detach/attach volume
Blocked functions:
* Online volume snapshot
* VM snapshot w/memory
* Scheduled snapshots (would fail when VM is running)
* Disk offering migration to offerings that don't have matching encryption
* Creating template from encrypted volume
* Creating volume from encrypted volume
* Volume extraction (would we decrypt it first, or expose the key? Probably the former).
##### Primary Storage Support
For storage developers, adding encryption support involves:
1. Updating the `StoragePoolType` for your primary storage to advertise encryption support. This is used during allocation of storage to match storage types that support encryption to storage that supports it.
2. Implementing encryption feature when your `PrimaryDataStoreDriver` is called to perform volume lifecycle functions on volumes that are requesting encryption. You are free to do what your storage supports - this could be as simple as calling a storage API with the right flag when creating a volume. Or (as is the case with the KVM storage types), as complex as managing volume details directly at the hypervisor host. The data objects passed to the storage driver will contain volume passphrases, if encryption is requested.
##### Scheduling
For the KVM implementations specified above, we are dependent on the KVM hosts having support for volume encryption tools. As such, the hosts `StartupRoutingCommand` has been modified to advertise whether the host supports encryption. This is done via a probe during agent startup to look for functioning `cryptsetup` and support in `qemu-img`. This is also visible via the listHosts API and the host details in the UI. This was patterned after other features that require hypervisor support such as UEFI.
The `EndPointSelector` interface and `DefaultEndpointSelector` have had new methods added, which allow the caller to ask for endpoints that support encryption. This can be used by storage drivers to find the proper hosts to send storage commands that involve encryption. Not all volume activities will require a host to support encryption (for example a snapshot backup is a simple file copy), and this is the reason why the interface has been modified to allow for the storage driver to decide, rather than just passing the data objects to the EndpointSelector and letting the implementation decide.
VM scheduling has also been modified. When a VM start is requested, if any volume that requires encryption is attached, it will filter out hosts that don't support encryption.
##### DB Changes
A volume whose disk offering enables encryption will get a passphrase generated for it before its first use. This is stored in the new 'passphrase' table, and is encrypted using the CloudStack installation's standard configured DB encryption. A field has been added to the volumes table, referencing this passphrase, and a foreign key added to ensure passphrases that are referenced can't be removed from the database. The volumes table now also contains an encryption format field, which is set by the implementer of the encryption and used as it sees fit.
#### KVM Agent
For the KVM storage pool types supported, the encryption has been implemented at Qemu itself, using the built-in LUKS storage support. This means that the storage remains encrypted all the way to the VM process, and decrypted before the block device is visible to the guest. This may not be necessary in order to implement encryption for /your/ storage pool type, maybe you have a kernel driver that decrypts before the block device on the system, or something like that. However, it seemed like the simplest, common place to terminate the encryption, and provides the lowest surface area for decrypted guest data.
For qcow2 based storage, `qemu-img` is used to set up a qcow2 file with LUKS encryption. For block based (currently just ScaleIO storage), the `cryptsetup` utility is used to format the block device as LUKS for data disks, but `qemu-img` and its LUKS support is used for template copy.
Any volume that requires encryption will contain a passphrase ID as a byte array when handed down to the KVM agent. Care has been taken to ensure this doesn't get logged, and it is cleared after use in attempt to avoid exposing it before garbage collection occurs. On the agent side, this passphrase is used in two ways:
1. In cases where the volume experiences some libvirt interaction it is loaded into libvirt as an ephemeral, private secret and then referenced by secret UUID in any libvirt XML. This applies to things like VM startup, migration preparation, etc.
2. In cases where `qemu-img` needs to use this passphrase for volume operations, it is written to a `KeyFile` on the cloudstack agent's configured tmpfs and passed along. The `KeyFile` is a `Closeable` and when it is closed, it is deleted. This allows us to try-with-resources any volume operations and get the KeyFile removed regardless.
In order to support the advanced syntax required to handle encryption and passphrases with `qemu-img`, the `QemuImg` utility has been modified to support the new `--object` and `--image-opts` flags. These are modeled as `QemuObject` and `QemuImageOptions`. These `qemu-img` flags have been designed to supersede some of the existing, older flags being used today (such as choosing file formats and paths), and an effort could be made to switch over to these wholesale. However, for now we have instead opted to keep existing functions and do some wrapping to ensure backward compatibility, so callers of `QemuImg` can choose to use either way.
It should be noted that there are also a few different Enums that represent the encryption format for various purposes. While these are analogous in principle, they represent different things and should not be confused. For example, the supported encryption format strings for the `cryptsetup` utility has `LuksType.LUKS` while `QemuImg` has a `QemuImg.PhysicalDiskFormat.LUKS`.
Some additional effort could potentially be made to support advanced encryption configurations, such as choosing between LUKS1 and LUKS2 or changing cipher details. These may require changes all the way up through the control plane. However, in practice Libvirt and Qemu currently only support LUKS1 today. Additionally, the cipher details aren't required in order to use an encrypted volume, as they're stored in the LUKS header on the volume there is no need to store these elsewhere. As such, we need only set the one encryption format upon volume creation, which is persisted in the volumes table and then available later as needed. In the future when LUKS2 is standard and fully supported, we could move to it as the default and old volumes will still reference LUKS1 and have the headers on-disk to ensure they remain usable. We could also possibly support an automatic upgrade of the headers down the road, or a volume migration mechanism.
Every version of cryptsetup and qemu-img tested on variants of EL7 and Ubuntu that support encryption use the XTS-AES 256 cipher, which is the leading industry standard and widely used cipher today (e.g. BitLocker and FileVault).
Signed-off-by: Marcus Sorensen <mls@apple.com>
Co-authored-by: Marcus Sorensen <mls@apple.com>
This PR allows the cloud admin to set either a global or domain-specific value "metadata.allow.expose.domain", and when set this allows the VM to see the name and ID of the immediate domain that contains the VM in instance metadata. This can be useful or a variety of things such as bootstrapping VM configuration and access according to domain.
This PR also deletes the CloudZonesNetworkElement because it isn't referred to anywhere, and there was initially some confusion as to whether this code needed to be updated when extending metadata. If it needs to be kept we can remove that delete from the PR.
Signed-off-by: Marcus Sorensen <mls@apple.com>
Co-authored-by: Marcus Sorensen <mls@apple.com>
Co-authored-by: dahn <daan.hoogland@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Daniel Augusto Veronezi Salvador <38945620+GutoVeronezi@users.noreply.github.com>
This PR addresses parallel resource allocation as a generalization of the problem and solution described in #6644. Instead of the Global lock on the resources a reservation record is created which is added in the resource check count in the ResourceLimitService/ResourceLimitManagerImpl. As a convenience a CheckedReservation is created. This is an implementation of AutoClosable and can be used as a guard in a try-with-resource fashion. The close method of the CheckedReservation wil delete the reservation record.
Co-authored-by: Boris Stoyanov - a.k.a Bobby <bss.stoyanov@gmail.com>
This PR creates a new API createConsoleAccess to create VM console URL allowing it to connect using other UI implementations. To avoid reply attacks, the console access is enhanced to use a one time token per session
New configuration added:
consoleproxy.extra.security.validation.enabled: Enable/disable extra security validation for console proxy using a token
Documentation PR: apache/cloudstack-documentation#284
This PR tries to fix a problem with a privately backported feature. The columns added for the feature are not added idem potent so people can not backport them. I propose that all DB alteration from here on in will be done with the IDEM_POTENT_...() set of stored procedures that we have to prevent these kind of issues for users.
Adds option to provide custom DNS servers for isolated network, shared network and VPC tier.
New API parameters added in createNetwork API along with the corresponding response parameters.
Doc PR: apache/cloudstack-documentation#276
* Updated resource counter to include correct size after volume creation/resize and other improvements
- Recalculate resource counters for root domain in the periodic task
- Update correct size in the primary_storage resource counter after volume creation/resize
- Some code improvements
* review and sonarcloud issues
Co-authored-by: Suresh Kumar Anaparti <suresh.anaparti@shapeblue.com>
Co-authored-by: Daan Hoogland <daan@onecht.net>
This PR increases the column value at table account_details from 255 chars to 4096, matching with the value allowed in the API command for updating the configuration of accounts.
When the value length is bigger than 255, the following log is presented right after the updateConfiguration API call:
2022-03-09 17:50:24,627 ERROR [c.c.a.ApiServer] (qtp30578394-234766:ctx-cad18b45 ctx-32e954dd) (logid:0948e203) unhandled exception executing api command: [Ljava.lang.String;@117c6ba7
com.cloud.utils.exception.CloudRuntimeException: DB Exception on: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement: INSERT INTO account_details (account_details.account_id, account_details.name, account_details.value) VALUES (123, _binary'api.allowed.source.cidr.list', _binary'<huge binary>')
at com.cloud.utils.db.GenericDaoBase.persist(GenericDaoBase.java:1450)
at jdk.internal.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor168.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
....
....
....
Caused by: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.MysqlDataTruncation: Data truncation: Data too long for column 'value' at row 1
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.exceptions.SQLExceptionsMapping.translateException(SQLExceptionsMapping.java:104)
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement.executeInternal(ClientPreparedStatement.java:953)
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ClientPreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(ClientPreparedStatement.java:1092)
... 83 more
Co-authored-by: Bart Meyers <bart.meyers@cldin.eu>
Fixes#6455
The default storage adaptor - LibvirtStorageAdaptor - is used by different storage types and doesn't use the annotation @StorageAdaptorInfo. In this case, a storage plugin that wants to adopt one of the predefined storage pool types will override the default behaviour. If fixing the issue in general (for new storage plugins or current ones that want to reuse the existing storage pool types) would affect all volume/snapshot/VM cases. This will lead to the need of extensive testing for each storage plugin for which we don't have the resources to do it. That's why this patch fixes the old behaviour for the SharedMountPoint by adding a new storage pool type for the StorPool plugin.
Release 4.16.0.0 introduced a feature for migrating system VM volumes (#4385). However, it was enabled only for VMWare.
This PR intends to enable the feature for KVM too.
Co-authored-by: GutoVeronezi <daniel@scclouds.com.br>
This PR fixes the issue #6209 where the snapshot revert operation fails after certain volume operations like Migrate VM with volume / migrate volume / reinstall VM.
The root cause of the issue after these volume operations, the primary storage entry is getting deleted for that volume. We have fixed it here to get the primary datastore entry wrt volume and continue the operation.
